Transfers are the highest-risk activities in stroke home care. An incorrect transfer can cause shoulder subluxation, falls, or caregiver injury. The right technique is not optional — it is patient safety.
Section 01
Transfer Principles That Never Change
- Non-slip footwear first: Always before any standing or transfer. Never allow a stroke survivor to stand in socks.
- Dangle before standing: Sit upright at the edge for 30–60 seconds before standing. Orthostatic hypotension — blood pressure drop on rising — causes dizziness and falls.
- Use a gait belt: Around the waist for any unsteady client. Never pull by the arm.
- Narrate every step: "I am going to help you stand now — on three, one, two, three." This recruits the client's participation and reduces the element of surprise.
- Transfer toward the stronger side: Provides more active participation from the client.
Section 02
Bed to Chair Transfer
Position the chair
At 45 degrees to the bed on the client's stronger side. Lock wheelchair brakes. Footrests up or removed.
Bring to sitting
Help client to sitting at edge of bed. Support the affected arm — do not let it hang. Dangle 30–60 seconds. Both feet flat on the floor.
Assist to standing
With gait belt in place, count to three and assist to standing. They push up with their strong arm. Guide and support — do not pull them up.
Pivot and lower
Pivot toward the chair (toward stronger side), ensure backs of legs touch the seat, guide to sitting. Affected arm supported throughout.
Section 03
Walking Assistance
- Walk on the affected side: Position yourself on the client's weaker side to provide stability.
- Gait belt for unsteady walkers: Keep your hand on the belt, not on the arm or shoulder.
- Clear the path first: Check the route before walking.
- Watch for foot drop: The foot cannot be lifted properly during walking — creates tripping risk. Report to nurse; an AFO may be prescribed.
Section 04
If a Client Begins to Fall
🚨 Guide a fall — never try to catch it
Your instinct to catch a falling client can injure both of you. The correct response: use the gait belt to guide them to the floor safely. Step back slightly, keep your back straight, guide them down under control. Then: assess for injury, call for help if needed, do not attempt to get them up alone. Attempting to lift a fallen person alone is a leading cause of caregiver injury.
Section 05
Positioning at Rest
✓ Proper positioning prevents complications
- In bed: follow the therapist's positioning protocol. Affected arm supported on a pillow, shoulder in slight forward position. Avoid lying on the affected side for prolonged periods.
- In a chair: affected arm on armrest or pillow. Foot flat on floor or footrest. Upright at 90 degrees.
- Reposition every 2 hours: stroke survivors with limited movement are at high pressure sore risk.
Knowledge Check
Lesson 2 Quiz
Question 1
When performing a bed-to-chair transfer, toward which side should you ideally pivot?
Question 2
A stroke survivor begins to lose balance while walking with you. You have a gait belt. You should:
Question 3
Foot drop after stroke creates a specific risk of:
Question 4
When walking alongside a stroke survivor with left-sided weakness, you should position yourself:
Question 5
A stroke survivor has been sitting in a wheelchair for 3 hours. You should: